委托—代理是人类协作最基本的形式之一。雇主与员工、病人与医生、当事人与律师、投资者与基金经理、选民与代表,都是代人办事。人类协作还有两种基本形式:一是交换,买卖一件已经存在的东西,交割即告结束,结果当场可以核验;二是共同生产,几个人一起完成一件事,难点在于衡量各自的贡献(阿尔奇安与德姆塞茨,1972)。委托—代理与二者的区别在于,交出去的是行动的权利,结果要在事后、在信息不对称之下才显现。用户把一件事交给 AI 代理,属于这一种:用户交出的不是一件现成的东西,而是一件要它替自己去做的事。
人类协作的三种基本形式
点选一种形式,看交出去的是什么、结果何时可以核验、难点在哪里。用户把一件事交给 AI 代理,属于第三种。
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